Liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique based on the difference in solubility of a solute in two immiscible liquids.
Immiscibility means that two liquids do not form a homogenous solution when mixed and partition into different phases.
Non-polar solutes generally partition into the organic phase, while polar solutes partition into the aqueous phase.
The partition coefficient is the ratio of solute concentration in the organic layer to the solute concentration in the aqueous layer.
Acid-base extraction is used to extract organic compounds from an organic solvent to an aqueous phase by transforming the solute to its ionic salt phase. This makes the solute more soluble in the aqueous phase than in the organic phase.
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