生成中...【新闻麻辣烫】
"西澳珊瑚集体'脱色'！史上最惨白化事件惊现'海底荒漠'"科学家们最近发现，澳大利亚西部海岸的世界级珊瑚礁遭遇了史上最严重的白化危机——长达10个月的海洋热浪让1500公里珊瑚带集体"褪色"，连曾经的气候变化"避风港"也未能幸免。专家痛心表示："这些珊瑚需要10-15年恢复，但气候变化根本不给喘息机会！"（配图：一片惨白的珊瑚礁与健康珊瑚对比图）
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**Worst bleaching on record for Western Australian coral reefs**
**西澳大利亚珊瑚礁遭遇有记录以来最严重白化事件**
2 days ago Share Save Lana Lam BBC News, Sydney Share Save
两日前 分享 保存 悉尼BBC记者Lana Lam 分享 保存
Watch: Can you un-bleach coral? BBC visits remote Australian reef to find out
观看：珊瑚能"复色"吗？BBC探访澳大利亚偏远礁群寻找答案
World-famous coral reefs along Western Australia's (WA) coast have suffered the worst bleaching on record after the state's"longest, largest and most intense" marine heatwave, scientists say. Between last August and this May, warmer water temperatures led to significant heat stress on the reefs, causing many of the coral to expel the algae which gives them life and colour - a process called bleaching, which is often fatal. The damage - which will take months to assess - spans 1,500km (932 miles) and includes areas previously unscathed by climate change. Coral reefs worldwide have been suffering from a two-year-long global coral bleaching event, due to record high ocean temperatures.
科学家表示，在经历该州"持续时间最长、规模最大、强度最高"的海洋热浪后，西澳大利亚海岸的世界著名珊瑚礁遭遇了有记录以来最严重的白化。去年8月至今年5月间，水温升高导致珊瑚群遭受严重热应激，迫使大量珊瑚排出赋予其生命与色彩的共生藻——这一被称为白化的过程往往致命。横跨1500公里（932英里）的损害范围包括此前未受气候变化影响的区域，完整评估需耗时数月。由于创纪录的海洋高温，全球珊瑚礁正遭受持续两年的白化事件。
Eight weeks of heat stress is usually enough to kill coral, and early estimates showed many WA reefs suffered between 15 and 30, said Australia's marine science agency."The length and intensity of the heat stress, and its footprint across multiple regions, is something we've never seen before on most of the reefs in Western Australia," James Gilmour, from the Australian Institute of Marine Science (Aims), said. In a new report, the Aims researchers found the 2024-25 season was the"most severe coral bleaching on record" for WA coral reefs across both the northwestern and central reefs."Areas which had given us hope because they'd rarely or not bleached before - like the Rowley Shoals, north Kimberley and Ningaloo - have been hit hard this time. Finally, climate heating has caught up with these reefs," he said.
澳大利亚海洋科学机构表示，八周热应激通常足以杀死珊瑚，初步估算显示西澳许多礁群承受了15至30周热应激。澳大利亚海洋科学研究所（Aims）的James Gilmour称："热应激的持续时间、强度及其在多区域的覆盖范围，是我们在西澳大部分珊瑚礁从未见过的。"最新报告显示，2024-25年度是西北部和中部珊瑚礁"有记录以来最严重的白化季节"。他说："曾因极少或从未白化而给我们希望的罗利浅滩、金伯利北部和宁格鲁等区域，这次也遭受重创。气候变暖终于追上了这些礁群。"
Ningaloo Reef is a World Heritage-listed site, just like the Great Barrier Reef on Australia's east coast which has itself suffered from major coral bleaching in recent years. Last week, a new report revealed the Great Barrier Reef – the world's largest coral system stretching over 2,300km (1,429 miles) – experienced its biggest decline in coral in almost four decades.
宁格鲁礁与大堡礁同属世界遗产，而后者近年来也遭遇严重白化。上周新报告显示，绵延2300公里（1429英里）的全球最大珊瑚系统大堡礁，经历了近四十年来最严重的珊瑚衰退。
Federal Environment Minister Murray Watt told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation that the coral damage at Ningaloo"underlines the need for Australia and the world to take urgent action, including reaching net zero emissions". Climate change means bleaching events are becoming more frequent, more intense and more widespread, which Dr Gilmore says gives coral reefs - which need 10 to 15 years to recover - little time to bounce back."Climate change caused by carbon emissions remains the greatest threat to our coral reefs, and all reefs globally," he said. The UN has previously warned that even if the world limits global temperature rises to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels, between 70 and 90% of the world's tropical coral reefs will die.
联邦环境部长Murray Watt向澳大利亚广播公司表示，宁格鲁的珊瑚破坏"凸显了澳大利亚乃至全球采取紧急行动的必要性，包括实现净零排放"。Gilmour博士指出，气候变化使白化事件更频繁、更剧烈、更广泛，而需要10-15年恢复期的珊瑚礁几乎得不到喘息机会。"碳排放导致的气候变化仍是我们及全球珊瑚礁的最大威胁。"联合国曾警告，即便将温升控制在工业化前水平1.5℃以内，70%-90%的热带珊瑚礁仍将消亡。
