生成中...【新闻趣摘】
"长江最后的微笑天使要绝迹？"中国科学家正在上演一场"江豚保卫战"！距离长江仅5公里的武汉水生所里，白鱀豚和中华鲟的标本静静躺在玻璃柜中，而活体江豚正在水池里"花式炫技"——它们一见人就兴奋地贴着玻璃高速游动，活像在表演"水下杂技"。这些现存1200头的"水中大熊猫"是长江最后的顶级掠食者，科学家们为了救它们可操碎了心：五年前实施的全流域十年禁渔令让22万渔民转行，还抓违规钓鱼的进局子；化工厂被集体搬迁，三峡大坝差点把中华鲟的"产房"给端了...最搞笑的是，江豚研究员王丁教授回忆抗洪岁月时说"以前要组织肌肉猛男睡在江堤上防洪"，现在三峡大坝倒是解决了洪水，却把中华鲟的"相亲路线"给截断了！虽然禁渔令让鱼类数量暴增，但科学家们还在发愁：货轮的噪音污染能让江豚得"水下神经衰弱"，可总不能把长江航运也禁了吧？
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**China's last Yangtze predator fights for survival**
中国长江最后的掠食者为生存而战
**Chinese scientists race to save the Yangtze finless porpoise, the river's sole remaining apex predator after the baiji dolphin's 2002 extinction.**
中国科学家争相拯救长江江豚，这是自2002年白鱀豚灭绝后长江仅存的顶级掠食者。
**At Wuhan's Institute of Hydrobiology, live porpoises dazzle visitors with acrobatic displays while extinct species' specimens stand as grim warnings.**
在武汉水生生物研究所，活体江豚用杂技般的表演吸引游客，而已灭绝物种的标本则作为严峻警告矗立。
**"Their numbers reflect the entire river's ecological health," says Professor Wang Xi, showing BBC reporters the 1,200 surviving wild porpoises.**
"它们的数量反映了整条河流的生态健康，"王锡教授向BBC记者展示1200头幸存野生江豚时说道。
**Fishing ban impact**
禁渔令影响
**A decade-long Yangtze fishing ban enacted in 2021 has displaced 220,000 fishermen but boosted fish stocks crucial for porpoise survival.**
2021年实施的长江十年禁渔令使22万渔民转业，但增加了对江豚生存至关重要的鱼类资源。
**Violators face prison under strict enforcement, though captive breeding remains necessary for sturgeons unable to spawn naturally post-dam.**
在严格执法下违规者面临监禁，尽管对于大坝建成后无法自然产卵的鲟鱼仍需人工繁殖。
**Research in Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences documents remarkable fish population recovery since the ban.**
《中国科学院院刊》研究记录了自禁渔以来鱼类种群的显著恢复。
**Dam dilemmas**
大坝困境
**Three Gorges Dam prevents floods but blocks sturgeon migration routes, forcing annual release of 10,000 captive-bred juveniles.**
三峡大坝防止了洪水但阻断了鲟鱼洄游路线，迫使每年放流1万尾人工繁殖幼鱼。
**"We used to need muscle teams sleeping on levees during floods," recalls IUCN expert Wang Ding, acknowledging dam benefits.**
"我们过去需要肌肉猛男队在洪水期间睡在堤坝上，"IUCN专家王丁回忆道，同时承认大坝的好处。
**Porpoises uniquely avoid dam impacts by not needing upstream spawning grounds, though prey fish declines initially hurt populations.**
江豚因不需要上游产卵地而独特地避免了大坝影响，尽管猎物鱼类的减少最初损害了种群。
**Industrial cleanup**
工业清理
**Thousands of riverside chemical plants relocated in past decade significantly improved Yangtze water quality for aquatic life.**
过去十年搬迁了数千家沿江化工厂，显著改善了长江水生生物的水质。
**Professor Wang credits this with porpoise numbers rebounding from 1,000 in 2017 to current 1,200 estimates.**
王教授将此归功于江豚数量从2017年的1000头反弹至目前估计的1200头。
**Strict new discharge standards prevent repeat of 2012's mass fish kills from industrial pollution.**
严格的新排放标准防止了2012年工业污染导致鱼类大规模死亡事件重演。
**Noise pollution challenge**
噪音污染挑战
**Ship traffic creates underwater cacophony potentially fatal to sonar-dependent porpoises, mimicking baiji dolphins' demise.**
船舶交通产生的水下噪音对依赖声呐的江豚可能是致命的，这与白鱀豚的消亡相似。
**"Banning fishing was easier than silencing China's busiest inland shipping route," admits researcher Li Min.**
"禁渔比让中国最繁忙的内河航运路线静音更容易，"研究员李敏承认道。
**Proposed ship speed limits and quiet-engine zones face opposition from transport ministries prioritizing economic activity.**
提议的船舶限速和静音发动机区域面临优先考虑经济活动的交通部门反对。
**Community efforts**
社区努力
**Former fishermen now patrol protected zones and educate locals about porpoise conservation through government retraining programs.**
通过政府再培训计划，前渔民现在巡逻保护区并向当地人宣传江豚保护。
**"We teach kids that protecting them means protecting the Yangtze," says ex-fisherman turned educator Zhang Wei.**
"我们教孩子们保护它们意味着保护长江，"前渔民转教育工作者张伟说。
**Citizen science projects track porpoise sightings via smartphone apps, creating valuable population data.**
公民科学项目通过智能手机应用程序追踪江豚目击事件，创建有价值的种群数据。
**Future hopes**
未来希望
**Scientists urge extending the fishing ban beyond its initial 10-year term to ensure porpoise recovery continues.**
科学家敦促将禁渔期延长至最初的10年期限之后，以确保江豚持续恢复。
**Hybrid breeding programs combining captive and wild porpoises aim to boost genetic diversity against inbreeding risks.**
结合人工饲养和野生江豚的杂交育种计划旨在提高遗传多样性以避免近亲繁殖风险。
**"They're the Yangtze's last smile," says Professor Wang, referencing their permanent"grin" from curved mouthlines.**
"它们是长江最后的微笑，"王教授说，指的是它们因弯曲的嘴线而永久"微笑"。
**As conservationists work against time, each playful porpoise flip signals hope for China's mother river.**
当环保人士与时间赛跑时，每一次顽皮的江豚翻转都标志着中国母亲河的希望。
