【新闻麻辣烫】
"克什米尔的'冰与火之歌'正在上演：曾经以凉爽著称的喜马拉雅仙境，如今温度飙升至37.4℃创70年新高，连冰川都要热哭了！农民们眼睁睁看着稻田变'旱地'，苹果园成'烤炉'，医生们忙着抢救中暑老人。专家摇头：我们这几乎零工业排放的小透明，怎么就成了气候变化的头号冤种？"
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**Kashmir's growing heat crisis hits health and harvests**
**克什米尔日益严重的高温危机冲击健康与收成**
Zaina Begum stood helplessly next to her withering paddy field.
扎伊娜·贝古姆无助地站在她枯萎的稻田旁。
A farmer in Indian-administered Kashmir's Pulwama district, she had been waiting for rainfall for more than a month, hoping to save her crop from dying.
这位印度控制克什米尔普尔瓦玛地区的农民已苦等降雨一个多月，希望能挽救她的庄稼。
So when it finally rained earlier this week, she was hopeful."But it was already too late by then," she said."Our land had completely dried up."
当本周终于下雨时，她满怀希望。"但那时已经太迟了，"她说，"我们的土地完全干涸了。"
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**An intense heatwave has gripped Kashmir, a picturesque Himalayan region dotted with glaciers and known for its cool climate, as temperatures have soared to record-breaking levels this month.**
**强烈的热浪席卷了克什米尔，这个以冰川点缀和凉爽气候闻名的喜马拉雅风景胜地，本月气温飙升至创纪录水平。**
The region recorded its highest daytime temperature in 70 years at 37.4C (99.32F) - at least 7C above the seasonal average.
该地区录得70年来最高日间气温37.4摄氏度(99.32华氏度)——比季节平均温度至少高出7度。
The valley also witnessed its hottest June in 50 years, prompting authorities to shut down schools and colleges for two weeks.
山谷地区还经历了50年来最热的六月，促使当局关闭学校和大学两周。
Some respite came earlier this week after parts of the region received heavy rains, but experts say the relief is temporary and warn of even higher temperatures in the coming days.
本周早些时候部分地区迎来大雨带来些许缓解，但专家表示这只是暂时的，并警告未来几天温度会更高。
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**The changing weather patterns have had a devastating impact on locals, most of whom rely on farming for their livelihoods.**
**变化的天气模式对当地居民造成了毁灭性影响，他们大多以务农为生。**
Many are struggling to stay in the business, while others complain about a drop in the quality of the produce, causing them huge losses.
许多人艰难维持生计，其他人则抱怨产品质量下降导致巨大损失。
Ms Begum's family has been cultivating paddy - a highly water-intensive crop - for decades on their one-acre land (4046 sq m) in Chersoo village.
贝古姆一家几十年来在切索村他们的一英亩(4046平方米)土地上种植水稻——一种高度需水的作物。
But they haven't had a single batch of healthy harvest in the last five years, as rains have become progressively more erratic, she said.
但她说过去五年他们没有一次健康收成，因为降雨变得越来越不稳定。
"This summer, it feels like our worst fears have come true," she added."We have nothing left."
"今年夏天，感觉我们最坏的恐惧成真了，"她补充道，"我们一无所有了。"
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**According to a 2021 study, the maximum temperature in the Kashmir rose by 2C between 1980 and 2020, indicating an average rise of 0.5C rise per decade.**
**根据2021年的一项研究，1980至2020年间克什米尔最高气温上升了2摄氏度，意味着每十年平均上升0.5度。**
Mukhtar Ahmad, head of the Indian weather department's centre in Srinagar city, said the region had already witnessed three heatwaves this season, causing major rivers and streams to dry up.
印度气象部门斯利那加中心主任穆赫塔尔·艾哈迈德表示，该地区本季已遭遇三次热浪，导致主要河流和小溪干涸。
The signs of damage were visible everywhere.
破坏的迹象随处可见。
In Bandipore district, rows of wilted apple trees dot Ali Mohammad's 15-acre field.
在班迪波尔地区，阿里·穆罕默德15英亩的田地里点缀着一排排枯萎的苹果树。
Twenty years ago, he decided to turn land, where he grew paddy, into an apple orchard because he felt the weather and water supplies had become too unreliable for growing rice.
二十年前，他决定将种植水稻的土地改为苹果园，因为他觉得天气和水源对种稻已变得太不可靠。
But now, even his apple crop - which typically requires less water - is struggling to survive.
但现在，即使需水较少的苹果作物也难以存活。
"The orchards need water at least three times a month, but for the last two months there was no rain and the irrigation canals dried up," he said.
"果园每月至少需要三次浇水，但过去两个月没有降雨，灌溉渠也干涸了，"他说。
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**The scorching heat has also taken a toll on residents, who are unaccustomed to living in such high temperatures.**
**酷热也对居民造成了伤害，他们不习惯在这样的高温下生活。**
"I have never witnessed such an intense heatwave in my life," said 63-year-old Parveez Ahmad, who lives in northern Kashmir.
"我一生中从未经历过如此强烈的热浪，"居住在克什米尔北部的63岁老人帕尔维兹·艾哈迈德说。
A few days ago, Mr Ahmad had to be rushed to the hospital after he complained of severe breathlessness.
几天前，艾哈迈德因严重呼吸困难被紧急送医。
"The doctors told me it was caused by the heat and humidity," he said.
"医生告诉我是高温和潮湿导致的，"他说。
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**Environmentalists say that climate change has been impacting the region, causing extreme weather events and prolonged dry spells in both winter and summer.**
**环保人士表示气候变化一直在影响该地区，导致极端天气事件和冬夏长期干旱。**
Last year, the snow-clad mountains in the region stayed oddly brown and barren for months, after a prolonged delay in the annual snowfall.
去年，由于年度降雪长期延迟，该地区白雪覆盖的山脉奇怪地保持了数月的褐色和贫瘠。
While warmer winters have led to reduced snowfall, hotter summers have sped up the melting of glaciers, disrupting the availability of water and putting human health and crops at risk, said Mohammad Farooq Azam, a glaciologist and hydrologist.
冰川学家和水文学家穆罕默德·法鲁克·阿扎姆表示，暖冬导致降雪减少，而炎夏加速冰川融化，破坏了水源供应，危及人类健康和作物。
"These trends are not just seasonal anomalies - they represent a systemic shift that could have long-term consequences for water security, agriculture and biodiversity in Kashmir," Mr Azam added.
"这些趋势不仅是季节异常——它们代表了一种系统性转变，可能对克什米尔的水安全、农业和生物多样性产生长期影响，"阿扎姆补充道。
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**Mr Azam explained that most of Kashmir's winter rain and snow come from western disturbances - storms that form over the Mediterranean and move eastward.**
**阿扎姆解释说，克什米尔大部分冬季雨雪来自西风扰动——形成于地中海向东移动的风暴。**
But these systems have become weaker and less frequent, leading to reduced snowfall and delays in snowmelt.
但这些系统变得更为微弱和稀少，导致降雪减少和融雪延迟。
"This exposes the bare ground sooner than usual, which absorbs more heat. As glaciers shrink and snow cover reduces, the land reflects less sunlight and traps more heat, making the region even warmer," he said.
"这比往常更早暴露裸露地面，吸收更多热量。随着冰川萎缩和积雪减少，地面反射的阳光减少，捕获更多热量，使该地区更加温暖，"他说。
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**Jasia Bashir, a professor at the Islamic University of Science and Technology in Awantipora district, points out that Kashmir contributes very little to global carbon emissions, as it has limited industry and relies mostly on agriculture and tourism.**
**阿万提波拉地区伊斯兰科技大学教授贾西亚·巴希尔指出，克什米尔对全球碳排放贡献极少，因其工业有限，主要依赖农业和旅游业。**
Yet, the region is being hit hard by climate change - making it a victim of a crisis it played little part in creating, she said.
然而，该地区正受到气候变化的严重打击——使其成为它几乎没有参与制造的危机的受害者，她说。
