【监狱变地狱：以色列空袭后伊朗囚犯遭遇"烤炉式"生存】当以色列导弹击中德黑兰臭名昭著的埃文监狱时，囚犯们或许没想到——逃过空袭只是噩梦的开始！被转移到其他监狱的政治犯们控诉：60人挤在蟑螂横行的牢房、轮流吃饭睡觉、老人得不到医疗，还有囚犯直言"宁愿死在空袭中"。更讽刺的是，当官方拍摄组想展示"改造良好"的画面时，囚犯们齐声高喊"独裁者去死"打断拍摄。这场被双方互相指控为"战争罪"的袭击，最终买单的却是那些在现金取款机旁被误杀的平民，以及连孙子探视权都被剥夺的62岁巴哈伊教老太太。
Iran's detainees in 'unbearable' conditions after Israeli strikes on prison
以色列空袭监狱后伊朗囚犯遭遇"难以忍受"处境
1 day ago Share Save Ghoncheh Habibiazad BBC Persian, World Service reporter Share Save
（1天前 贡切·哈比比亚扎德 BBC波斯语频道国际部记者）
EPA Parts of Evin prison were badly damaged in the Israeli strikes
（EPA通讯社 埃文监狱部分建筑在以色列空袭中严重损毁）
One month on from deadly Israeli air strikes on a notorious Iranian prison during the war between the two countries, inmates say they are being kept under unbearable and inhumane conditions after being moved to other prisons. Despite promises by the authorities, some of those transferred from Evin Prison in Tehran say they continue to face difficulties such as overcrowded cells, lack of beds and air conditioning, limited number of toilets and showers, and insect infestations. The BBC has received accounts from the family members of prisoners moved from Evin, who agreed to speak on condition of anonymity out of concern for the safety of themselves and the prisoners. Israel targeted Evin on 23 June. According to the Iranian authorities, the attack killed 80 people, including five prisoners, 41 prison staff and 13 military conscripts.
以色列空袭伊朗著名监狱一个月后，转移至其他监狱的囚犯称正遭受难以忍受的非人待遇。尽管当局作出承诺，但从德黑兰埃文监狱转移的囚犯仍面临牢房拥挤、缺乏床铺空调、卫浴设施不足及虫害等问题。BBC获得埃文监狱转移囚犯家属的匿名证词，他们因安全顾虑要求匿名。以色列6月23日空袭埃文监狱，伊朗当局称袭击造成80人死亡，包括5名囚犯、41名狱警和13名军人。
The prison held thousands of men and women, including prominent political dissidents, human rights defenders, journalists and dual and foreign nationals, as well as members of religious and ethnic minorities. All inmates were subsequently moved out and sent to other prisons following the attack. Verified videos and satellite imagery confirm damage to several buildings within the complex, including the medical clinic, the visitor centre, the prosecutor's office and an administrative building. After the attack, the Israeli military described the prison as"a symbol of oppression for the Iranian people". It said it carried out the strikes in a"precise manner to mitigate harm to civilians" imprisoned there. Iran has labelled the attack a"war crime".
该监狱关押着数千名囚犯，包括著名政治异见者、人权捍卫者、记者、双重国籍者及宗教少数派成员。空袭后所有囚犯被转移至其他监狱。经核实的视频和卫星图像显示，监狱内医疗中心、访客中心、检察官办公室和行政楼等多栋建筑受损。以色列军方称该监狱是"伊朗人民受压迫的象征"，表示空袭"精确实施以减轻对在押平民伤害"。伊朗则指控此举构成"战争罪"。
Fatemeh Bahrami/Anadolu via Getty Images Evin prison held thousands of Iranian detainees before it was targeted in an Israeli strikes on 23 June
（法特梅·巴赫拉米/阿纳多卢通讯社 6月23日遭袭前埃文监狱关押着数千名伊朗在押人员）
Israel's military also said that Evin was used for"intelligence operations against Israel, including counter-espionage". It did not comment further when asked to provide evidence for the claim. Amnesty International said on Tuesday that, following an in-depth investigation, the attack constituted"a serious violation of international humanitarian law and must be criminally investigated as war crimes"."Under international humanitarian law, a prison or place of detention is presumed a civilian object and there is no credible evidence in this case that Evin prison constituted a lawful military objective," it added.
以色列军方还称埃文监狱被用于"针对以色列的情报行动包括反间谍活动"，但未应要求提供证据。国际特赦组织周二表示，经深入调查认定此次袭击"严重违反国际人道主义法，应作为战争罪进行刑事调查"，并指出"根据国际人道法，监狱被推定为民用设施，本案中没有可信证据表明埃文监狱构成合法军事目标"。
Through his family members, one political prisoner who was sent to the Greater Tehran Central Penitentiary, also known as Fashafouyeh Prison, said that fellow inmates told him conditions there were inhumane even before Evin detainees were transferred. He said that the prison was in such a remote and dangerous area outside the capital that his wife had not been able to visit him since he moved there. Compared to Evin, which is in an accessible, residential area in north Tehran, Fashafouyeh is located 20 miles (32km) south of Tehran, in a desert with nothing around it but a road, according to the family members. The prisoner told his family that many inmates were still sleeping on the floor at Fashafouyeh in overcrowded cells without air conditioning, although the authorities have said repeatedly that they will improve the situation. A video from inside the prison, which has been verified by the BBC, shows a cell crowded with prisoners lying on beds and on the floor.
一名被转移至大德黑兰中央监狱（又称Fashafouyeh监狱）的政治犯通过家属表示，狱友告知该监狱在接收埃文囚犯前条件就已非人化。该监狱位于首都偏远危险地带，其妻自转移后无法探视。家属称与地处德黑兰北部居民区的埃文监狱不同，Fashafouyeh位于德黑兰以南32公里荒漠，周边只有公路。囚犯告知家属尽管当局承诺改善，但多人仍睡在拥挤牢房的地板上。BBC核实的监狱内部视频显示牢房里囚犯挤在床上和地面。
At one point, a group affiliated with the authorities came to the prison to film a video intended to show that prisoners were doing well, but other inmates began chanting"death to the dictator" - a popular protest slogan among Iranian opposition groups directed at the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei - and stopped them from filming, the family of the prisoner said. Families of inmates in Fashafouyeh said that political prisoners were now staying in the same cell as those accused or convicted of violent crimes. This is a tactic that rights groups say Iran uses to intimidate political prisoners and is against the United Nations' rules on the treatment of inmates. Another political detainee transferred to Fashafouyeh described his cell to his family as being unbearable due to lack of hygiene, with bedbugs and cockroaches all around, adding that the prison lacks basic amenities even compared to Evin.
囚犯家属称曾有官方背景团队入狱拍摄"囚犯状况良好"视频，但其他囚犯高喊反对最高领袖哈梅内伊的口号"独裁者去死"阻止拍摄。Fashafouyeh囚犯家属表示政治犯现与暴力犯罪者同监，人权组织指这是伊朗恐吓政治犯的手段，违反联合国囚犯待遇规则。另一名转移至该监狱的政治犯向家属描述牢房因卫生恶劣、虫害遍布而难以忍受，称其条件甚至不如埃文监狱。
Human Rights Watch has previously accused the Iranian authorities of using threats of torture and indefinite imprisonment, along with lengthy interrogations and the denial of medical care for detainees. Iran has rejected these reports. Although Evin has long drawn condemnation from human rights groups over alleged torture and threats, conditions at Fashafouyeh had been"underreported", prisoners told the BBC. Prominent Iranian journalist Mehdi Mahmoodian, who was also transferred from Evin to Fashafouyeh, said in a letter published on his Instagram page that due to the non-political nature of prisoners who were held there, they had been"long forgotten" and subjected to"years of humiliation, neglect, and oppression" because"they have no voice".
人权观察组织此前指控伊朗当局使用酷刑威胁、无限期关押、长时间审讯及拒绝医疗等手段，伊朗否认这些指控。囚犯告知BBC尽管埃文监狱长期因酷刑指控受谴责，但Fashafouyeh的状况"未被充分报道"。知名伊朗记者Mehdi Mahmoodian在Instagram公开信中称，由于该监狱关押非政治犯，"因没有发声渠道而长期被遗忘，遭受多年羞辱、忽视和压迫"。
Majid Saeedi/Getty Images Several areas of the prison were damaged in the strikes
（马吉德·赛义迪/盖蒂图片社 空袭中监狱多个区域受损）
Fariba Kamalabadi, a 62-year-old Baha'i detainee who was transferred from Evin to Qarchak Prison, south of the capital, has said that she"would rather have died in the attack than be transferred to such a prison". Iran's minority Baha'i community has long faced systematic discrimination and persecution, denied constitutional recognition and basic rights like education, public employment and religious freedom, because the Islamic Republic does not recognise it as a religion."Fariba has to live in Qarchak in an overcrowded cell, where it is so cramped that people have to take turns to eat food around the table, and then return to their beds afterwards because of the lack of space", said her daughter, Alhan Taefi, who lives in the UK.
62岁巴哈伊教信徒Fariba Kamalabadi从埃文转移至首都南部的Qarchak监狱后表示"宁愿死于空袭也不愿被转至此"。伊朗巴哈伊教少数群体长期遭系统性歧视，被剥夺宪法承认和教育等基本权利。其旅居英国的女儿称"母亲在拥挤牢房里需轮流用餐，然后因空间不足返回床位"。
"Some of the roughly 60 prisoners who have been transferred from Evin with her are elderly women, and they do not receive proper medical care. There are flies everywhere in the cell. Her son-in-law and grandchildren, who are six and nine, were allowed to visit her in Evin but have not been granted permission to visit her yet, as they are not considered immediate family." The BBC has contacted the Iranian embassy in London for comment on the conditions of prisoners who have been transferred from Evin.
"同批转移的约60名囚犯中有老年女性未获适当医疗，牢房苍蝇遍布。其女婿和6岁、9岁的外孙此前获准探视，但因非直系亲属现被拒绝。"BBC已联系伊朗驻伦敦使馆就转移囚犯状况置评。
Civilian deaths
平民死亡
In the month since the strikes, the BBC has verified the deaths of seven civilians related to the attack on Evin, including a five-year-old boy, a doctor, and a painter. Family members of Mehrangiz Imenpour, 61, a painter and mother of two who lived near the prison complex, told the BBC that she was"caught in the tragedy" of the attack.
空袭一个月来，BBC核实7名平民遇难，包括5岁男孩、医生和画家。61岁画家Mehrangiz Imenpour的家属称这位两个孩子的母亲"不幸卷入这场悲剧"。
Family Handout Mehrangiz Imenpour left home to use a cash machine and was killed in Israel's strikes on Evin prison
（家属提供 梅赫兰吉兹·伊门普尔离家使用取款机时死于以色列对埃文监狱的空袭）
She left home to use a cash machine and happened to be walking on a street adjacent to the prison's visitor centre as Israel struck the complex, a family member said. She was killed by the impact of the explosion. Her children are devastated, a relative recounted to the BBC."When two states engage in a conflict, people are the ones who pay the price. Both states are guilty, both are responsible, and both must be held to account", the relative said.
家属称她离家使用取款机时恰逢空袭，在监狱访客中心附近街道遇难。亲属向BBC表示其子女悲痛欲绝，"当两国发生冲突，付出代价的总是人民。两国都有罪责，都必须被追责"。
