【澳洲"绿水危机"：藻类暴发把海洋变成"毒汤锅"】当南澳大利亚的海水从碧蓝变成"荧光绿"，这场藻类大暴发已经让400多种海洋生物集体"翻肚皮"——州长急得直跳脚说这是"自然灾害"，联邦政府却抠着字眼拒绝承认，因为按惯例这个标签只给飓风、洪水和山火。最惨的是当地渔民，看着满海死鱼哀叹："这藻类比我们的渔网还能'捞'，只不过捞上来的全是尸体！"网友调侃："这下澳洲的海鲜自助餐真要变成'自助'了——自助收尸的那种。"
Australia's toxic algae bloom declared 'natural disaster'
澳洲有毒藻类暴发被宣布为"自然灾害"
2 days ago Share Save Simon Atkinson & Tiffanie Turnbull BBC News, Sydney Share Save
（2天前 西蒙·阿特金森 & 蒂芙妮·特恩布尔 BBC新闻 悉尼）
EPA Satellite images show the extent of the algal bloom along Australia's southern coast
（环保署 卫星图像显示藻类沿澳大利亚南部海岸暴发范围）
An algal bloom catastrophe which has turned usually pristine South Australian waters toxic green and suffocated masses of marine life is a"natural disaster", the state premier has declared. The algal bloom - a rapid increase in the population of algae in water systems – has been spreading since March and is now twice the size of the country's capital territory. The federal government has unveiled an assistance package of A$14m ($9m; £6.7m) but refused to designate the event a natural disaster - a term usually used for cyclones, floods and bushfires and which would trigger a greater response. Authorities say more than 400 species of marine life have died and local industries are suffering.
南澳大利亚州长宣布，将通常清澈的海水染成毒绿色并导致大量海洋生物窒息的藻类暴发是一场"自然灾害"。这种藻类暴发——水体系统中藻类数量的快速增长——自3月以来持续扩散，面积已达澳大利亚首都领地的两倍。联邦政府公布了1400万澳元（900万美元；670万英镑）的援助计划，但拒绝将其定性为自然灾害——该术语通常用于飓风、洪水和森林大火，会触发更大规模的应对措施。当局称已有400多种海洋生物死亡，当地产业遭受重创。
Algal bloom is naturally occurring but is caused by ocean warming, marine heatwaves, and nutrient pollution - all exacerbated by climate change."This is a natural disaster and should be acknowledged as such... I think politicians can do themselves a disservice when they get caught up in technicalities," South Australian Premier Peter Malinauskas told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) on Tuesday. He announced his government would match the federal government's A$14m in funding, with money to go towards research, clean up, and industry support measures.
藻类暴发是自然现象，但由海洋变暖、海洋热浪和营养物污染引发——这些因素都因气候变化而加剧。"这是一场自然灾害，应该被承认...我认为政治家们纠结于技术细节反而会适得其反，"南澳大利亚州长彼得·马利诺斯卡斯周二告诉澳大利亚广播公司（ABC）。他宣布州政府将匹配联邦政府的1400万澳元资金，用于研究、清理和产业支持措施。
Reuters Dead fish washed ashore at Port Lincoln last week
（路透社 上周林肯港被冲上岸的死鱼）
The bloom has devastated local fisheries and aquaculture industries, with oyster farmers reporting 100% stock losses in some areas."It's like someone poured green paint into the ocean - everything underneath just died," third-generation fisherman Mark Coulson told the BBC. Scientists say the bloom contains species of phytoplankton that produce toxins harmful to marine life and humans. Beaches have been closed along a 300km (186-mile) stretch of coastline, with residents warned not to touch dead fish or enter the water.
藻类暴发重创了当地渔业和水产养殖业，牡蛎养殖户报告某些区域全军覆没。"就像有人把绿油漆倒进海里——水下的一切都死了，"第三代渔民马克·科尔森告诉BBC。科学家称此次暴发包含会产生对海洋生物和人类有害毒素的浮游植物品种。300公里（186英里）海岸线的海滩已关闭，居民被警告不要触碰死鱼或下水。
Australia's Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek said while the event was"devastating", it did not meet the legal threshold for a natural disaster declaration."What we're seeing is the cumulative impact of climate change, agricultural runoff and decades of poor water management," she said. Meanwhile, opposition leader David Littleproud accused the government of"splitting hairs while fishermen go bankrupt".
澳大利亚环境部长坦尼娅·普利伯塞克表示，尽管事件"破坏性极大"，但未达到自然灾害声明的法律门槛。"我们看到的是气候变化、农业径流和数十年糟糕的水资源管理累积的影响，"她说。与此同时，反对党领袖戴维·利特普劳德指责政府"在渔民破产时吹毛求疵"。
The state government has deployed specialised vessels to pump oxygen into affected waters and scoop up dead marine life. But marine ecologist Professor Emma Johnston from the University of Sydney said these were"band-aid solutions" to a much bigger problem."We're seeing these events become more frequent, more intense and more widespread due to climate change," she told the BBC."Until we address the root causes, we're just rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic."
州政府已派出专业船只向受影响水域输送氧气并打捞死亡海洋生物。但悉尼大学的海洋生态学家艾玛·约翰斯顿教授称这些对更大问题只是"创可贴式解决方案"。"由于气候变化，我们看到这些事件变得更频繁、更剧烈和更广泛，"她告诉BBC。"除非解决根本原因，否则我们只是在泰坦尼克号上 rearranging deck chairs（做无用功）。"
With water temperatures predicted to rise further this summer, authorities warn the bloom could persist for months."This isn't just an environmental crisis - it's an economic and social one too," Premier Malinauskas said, announcing a taskforce to develop long-term solutions. For now, tourism operators are offering"algae sightseeing tours" - an attempt to make the best of a bad situation.
随着今夏水温预计进一步升高，当局警告藻类可能持续数月。"这不仅是环境危机——也是经济和社会危机，"州长马利诺斯卡斯说，宣布成立工作组制定长期解决方案。目前旅游经营者提供"藻类观光游"——试图在糟糕处境中尽量获益。
