Congress passes Trump's 'big, beautiful bill' cutting taxes and spending
国会通过特朗普的“大而美丽的法案”削减税收和支出
10 hours ago Share Save Brandon Drenon BBC News, Washington DC Reporting from Capitol Hill Share Save
10小时前，Share Save Save Brandon Drenon BBC新闻，Washington DC报告了Capitol Hill Share Save Save
Watch: First comments from Trump since his megabill passed
观看：自特朗普大超过以来的第一份评论
The US Congress has passed Donald Trump's sprawling tax and spending bill in a significant and hard-fought victory for the president and his domestic agenda. After a gruelling session on Capitol Hill, the House of Representatives passed the bill by a vote of 218 to 214 on Thursday afternoon. It was approved in the Senate on Tuesday by one vote. Trump had given the Republican-controlled Congress a deadline of 4 July to send him a final version of the bill to sign into law. The Congressional Budget Office estimates the bill could add $3.3tn (£2.4tn) to federal deficits over the next 10 years and leave millions without health coverage - a forecast that the White House disputes.
美国国会通过唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）的税收和支出法案通过了总统及其国内议程的巨大而艰苦的胜利。在国会山举行了艰苦的会议之后，众议院周四下午以218票对214票通过了该法案。它在周二通过一票在参议院批准。特朗普给予共和党控制的国会7月4日的截止日期，向他发送了该法案的最终版本，以签署法律。国会预算办公室估计，该法案可能会在未来10年内增加联邦赤字3.3tn（2.4tn），并使数百万美元没有健康覆盖范围，这是白宫纠纷的预测。
Speaking to reporters on Thursday evening, Trump said the bill would"turn this country into a rocket ship"."This is going to be a great bill for the country," he said. He is expected to sign it into law at a ceremony on the 4 July national holiday at 17:00 EDT (22:00 BST). A triumphant Republican Speaker Mike Johnson emerged from the House after the vote and told reporters"belief" was key to rallying support within his party."I believed in the people that are standing here behind me... Some of them are more fun to deal with," he said."I mean that with the greatest level of respect." Among those he had to convince was Representative Chip Roy, a Texas Republican who was a firm"no" just days ago when the Senate passed its version of the bill. He called the Senate version a"travesty", but changed his mind by the time voting had begun.
特朗普在周四晚上对记者说，该法案将“将这个国家变成一艘火箭船”。他说：“这对国家来说将是一项伟大的法案。”预计他将在7月4日国定假日EDT（22:00 BST）的仪式上签名为法律。投票后，一位胜利的共和党发言人迈克·约翰逊（Mike Johnson）从众议院出来，并告诉记者“信仰”是集会在他的政党内部支持的关键。他说：“我相信站在我身后的人……其中一些人更有趣。”“我的意思是，以最大的尊重。”他必须说服的是，在参议院通过了该法案的版本时，他是德克萨斯州共和党人代表奇普·罗伊（Chip Roy）。他称参议院版本为“ travesty”，但在投票开始时改变了主意。
Watch: Moment Trump's megabill passes final vote in the US House
观看：特朗普的Megabill通过美国房屋的最终投票
"I feel like we got to a good result on key things," Roy said, although the House did not make any changes to the Senate bill. While some Republicans, like Roy, had resisted the Senate version, only two lawmakers from Trump's own party voted"nay" on Thursday: Thomas Massie and Brian Fitzpatrick. After Johnson announced that the legislation had passed the chamber by four votes, dozens of Republican lawmakers gathered on the House floor chanting"USA! USA!" The bill's passage on Thursday was delayed by Democratic House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, who delivered the longest speech in the chamber's history. His"magic minute" address, which is a custom that allows party leaders to speak for as long as they like, ran for eight hours and 45 minutes. Jeffries pledged to take his"sweet time on behalf of the American people", decrying the bill's impact on poor Americans.
罗伊说：“我觉得我们在关键方面取得了很好的成绩。”尽管房屋没有对参议院法案进行任何更改。尽管一些共和党人（例如罗伊）抵制了参议院版本，但周四，特朗普自己政党的两名议员投票给“否”：托马斯·马西和布莱恩·菲茨帕特里克。约翰逊宣布该立法以四票通过了会议厅后，数十名共和党议员聚集在众议院地板上，高呼“美国！美国！”该法案在周四的通过被民主党众议院少数党领袖哈基姆·杰弗里斯（Hakeem Jeffries）推迟，后者发表了商会历史上最长的演讲。他的“魔术师”讲话是一种习惯，允许党的领导人说话，只要他们喜欢，就可以跑了八个小时45分钟。杰弗里斯（Jeffries）承诺将他的“代表美国人民的美好时光”奉献，谴责该法案对贫困美国人的影响。
Watch: The moment Hakeem Jeffries ends record-breaking speech
观看：哈基姆·杰弗里斯（Hakeem Jeffries）结束纪录的演讲
The legislation makes savings through making cuts to food benefits and health care and rolling back tax breaks for clean energy projects. It also delivers on two of Trump's major campaign promises - making his 2017 tax cuts permanent and lifting taxes on tips, overtime and Social Security recipients - at a cost of $4.5tn over 10 years. About $150bn (£110bn) will be spent on border security, detention centres and immigration enforcement officers. Another $150bn is allocated for military expenditures, including the president's"gold dome" missile defence programme. Democrats, who had used procedural manoeuvres to stall the House vote, were roundly critical of the final bill. They portrayed it as taking health care and food subsidies away from millions of Americans while giving tax cuts to the rich.
该立法通过削减粮食福利和医疗保健以及清洁能源项目的税收减免来节省。它还付出了特朗普的两项重大竞选承诺 - 使他的2017年减税永久降低，并在10年内以4.5亿美元的价格对提示，加班和社会保障接收者提出税收。约1500亿美元（1,100亿英镑）将用于边境安全，拘留中心和移民执法人员。另外1500亿美元用于军事支出，包括总统的“金圆顶”导弹防御计划。民主党人曾使用程序手术拖延众议院投票，对最终法案持彻底批评。他们将其描述为将医疗保健和食品补贴从数百万美国人手中夺走，同时向富人减税。
