BBC深入刚果民主共和国反政府武装控制的城市
【新闻摘要】
刚果（金）戈马市上演"魔幻现实主义"：M23叛军占领半年后，超市重开、学校复课，连被炸毁的市政厅都挂上了新招牌。但菜市场大妈们却说："现在买菜是方便了，可我们裤腰带都多缝了三道锁"。原来叛军撤退时留下了"纪念品"——300多名性侵受害者中，有人被绑在坦克上凌辱三天，还有12岁女孩因反抗被砍掉双手。最讽刺的是，联合国维和部队基地离案发地就两条街，当地妇女却说"蓝盔兵比叛军到得还晚"。如今政府组织的心理治疗小组天天教大家"创伤愈合操"，可当BBC记者问"下次叛军再来怎么办"，全场突然安静得能听见针掉——最后角落里传来一声："上帝才知道"。
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**Life returns to Goma six months after rebel takeover - but trauma lingers for women**
叛军占领半年后戈马生活复苏 但女性创伤未愈
**By Paul Njie | Filmed by Hassan Lali | Edited by Kathy Harcombe**
记者保罗·恩杰 | 哈桑·拉利拍摄 | 凯西·哈科姆剪辑
**BBC News, Goma**
BBC新闻 戈马报道
Six months after M23 rebels seized the eastern DR Congo city of Goma, signs of normalcy are re-emerging - shops have reopened, children are back in school, and the bomb-damaged city hall sports fresh paint. But beneath the surface, deep emotional wounds persist among women who survived sexual violence during fighting between the rebels and government forces. When the M23 withdrew in February after international pressure, they left behind at least 327 documented rape cases, according to local health authorities. Our team first reported from Goma in February and has now returned to track the city's fragile recovery.
M23叛军占领刚果（金）东部城市戈马半年后，正常生活的迹象正在重现——商店重开、儿童返校，被炸毁的市政厅刷上了新漆。但表象之下，在叛军与政府军交火期间遭受性暴力的女性幸存者仍带着深刻的精神创伤。据当地卫生部门统计，M23在国际压力下于2月撤退时，至少留下了327起有记录的强奸案。本台记者2月首次报道戈马现状，此次重返记录这座城市的脆弱复苏。
**Market trader Jeanne Kasoki, 42, shows us the three extra locks she's sewn into her waistband since the attacks**
42岁的市场摊主珍妮·卡索基向我们展示她在遭遇袭击后给裤腰缝上的三道附加锁扣
"Before the war came, I only worried about thieves stealing my money," says Jeanne Kasoki, a 42-year-old mother of four who sells tomatoes at Goma's main market. She rolls up her colorful kitenge wrap to reveal three crude metal locks sewn into the fabric of her waistband."Now every woman here has these. The rebels didn't care if you were 15 or 50 - they'd drag you into alleys or even rape you on the tanks rolling down our streets." The worst period came during the final week of occupation, she says, when retreating fighters went on a"rampage of revenge". Local doctors confirmed to the BBC that they treated 47 women raped during those 72 hours alone.
"战乱前我只担心小偷摸钱，"在戈马主市场卖西红柿的四孩母亲珍妮·卡索基说。她掀起鲜艳的基坦盖围裙，露出缝在裤腰上的三把粗糙铁锁。"现在这儿每个女人都这样。叛军才不管你是15岁还是50岁——他们会把你拖进小巷，甚至在大街行驶的坦克上施暴。"她说最黑暗的是占领最后一周，撤退的叛军发动了"报复性暴行"。当地医生向BBC证实，仅那72小时就救治了47名强奸受害者。
**Dr Claude Bahizire at the Heal Africa hospital examines 12-year-old Esther, whose hands were amputated after she resisted assault**
"Heal Africa"医院的克劳德·巴希齐尔医生检查12岁的埃斯特——她因反抗性侵被砍断双手
At the Heal Africa hospital, trauma surgeon Dr Claude Bahizire shows us the hospital's grim statistics: 214 rape cases treated since January, including 38 girls under 14. Most shocking is 12-year-old Esther (name changed), whose hands were hacked off with machetes after she resisted assault."This wasn't just sexual violence - it was psychological warfare," Dr Bahizire says, pointing to x-rays of the girl's severed wrists. The hospital's counseling center reports a 300% increase in demand for psychiatric services since February.
在"Heal Africa"医院，创伤外科医生克劳德·巴希齐尔向我们展示骇人数据：1月以来收治214起强奸案，包括38名14岁以下女童。最令人震惊的是12岁的埃斯特（化名），她因反抗性侵被砍刀斩断双手。"这不只是性暴力，更是心理战，"巴希齐尔医生指着女孩腕部X光片说。该院心理咨询中心报告自2月以来精神科服务需求增长300%。
**UN peacekeeping base (background) stands just 800m from sites where mass rapes occurred**
联合国维和部队基地（背景）距大规模性侵发生地仅800米
Perhaps the bitterest pill for Goma's women is the proximity of the UN peacekeeping base - just 800m from multiple rape sites."We could see their watchtowers while being assaulted," says 27-year-old Sophie (not her real name), part of a support group for survivors. UN spokesperson Farhan Haq told the BBC the mission"faced resource constraints" during the crisis but has since doubled patrols. For locals, this rings hollow."They had tanks and helicopters - we had nothing," Sophie says, rubbing scars on her wrists from rope burns.
对戈马女性而言，最苦涩的莫过于联合国维和基地近在咫尺——距多处强奸地点仅800米。"我们受害时都能看见他们的瞭望塔，"27岁的索菲（化名）说，她是幸存者互助小组成员。联合国发言人法尔汉·哈克告诉BBC，特派团"当时面临资源限制"，但已加倍巡逻。当地人对这种说辞不买账。"他们有坦克直升机——我们只有赤手空拳，"索菲摩挲着手腕上绳索勒出的伤疤说。
**Government therapist leads"trauma healing aerobics" for survivors**
政府心理治疗师带领幸存者做"创伤愈合操"
In a rare positive development, the government has dispatched mobile mental health units to conduct daily"trauma healing aerobics" in public squares. Today's session involves two dozen women swaying to gospel music while a therapist calls out affirmations:"My body is mine again! My future is bright!" But when our team asks what happens if M23 returns, the music suddenly stops. After an awkward silence, 54-year-old grandmother Kanku Mwamini whispers:"God knows." As we leave, the therapist restarts the music - slightly louder than before.
为数不多的积极进展是，政府派出流动心理健康小组每天在广场带领"创伤愈合操"。今天的课程有二三十名女性随着福音音乐摇摆，治疗师带领喊口号："我的身体重回我手！我的未来充满光明！"但当我们问"若M23卷土重来怎么办"，音乐戛然而止。尴尬沉默后，54岁的祖母坎库·姆瓦米尼低语："天知道。"我们离开时，治疗师重新播放音乐——比先前略响了些。
